Softskill B. Inggris
Addini Daulati Haqque
1EA07
10214179
Adjective and adverbial
clause
Adjective clause
Coordination is
a useful way of connecting ideas that are roughly equal in importance. But
often we need to show that one idea in a sentence is more important than
another. On these occasions we use subordination to indicate that
one part of a sentence is secondary (or subordinate) to another part. One
common form of subordination is the adjective
clause a word group that modifies a noun.
Examples
· Pizza, which
most people love, is not very healthy.
· The
people whose names are on the list will go to camp.
· Grandpa
remembers the old days when there was no television.
· Fruit that
is grown organically is expensive.
· Students who
are intelligent get good grades.
· Eco-friendly
cars that run on electricity save gas.
· I
know someone whose father served in World War II.
· Making
noise when he eats is the main reason why Sue does not like to eat with
her brother.
· The
kids who were called first will have the best chance of
getting a seat.
· I
enjoy telling people about Janet Evanovich whose latest book was
fantastic.
· The
people waiting all night outside the Apple store are trying to
purchase a new iPhone.
· He who
can no longer pause to wonder and stand rapt in awe is as good as
dead.
· Those
who do not complain are never pitied.
· People
demand freedom of speech to make up for the freedom of thought which
they avoid.
· Never
go to a doctor whose office plants have died.
Turning Adjective Clauses into Phrases
An adjective clause with a
subject pronoun - such as which, that or who - can also be shortened into a
phrase.
You can shorten an adjective clause in two ways:
1. Omit
the subject pronoun and verb.
2. Omit
the subject pronoun and change the verb to the form ending in "ing."
Here are some examples of how to create an
adjective phrase:
·
Adjective Clause: The books, which
are lost, are not really necessary.
·
Adjective Phrase: The books lost
are not really necessary.
·
Adjective Clause: The girl who
is running is my best friend.
·
Adjective Phrase: The girl
running is my best friend.
·
Adjective Clause: His
share of the money, which consists of
$100,000, was given to him on Monday.
·
Adjective Phrase: His share of
the money, consisting of $100,000, was given to him on Monday.
·
Adjective Clause:
Something that smells bad
may be rotten.
·
Adjective Phrase: Something
smelling bad may be rotten.
Remember, the goal of an adjective clause is to add more
information to a noun or a pronoun. You can add the information by including a
few more words or by changing the adjective clause to a phrase.
Adverbial
clause
A conditional clause may
be introduced by the subordinating conjunction if or another conjunction, such as unless, provided that, or in case of.
Examples
· "If you want a friend in Washington, get a
dog."
· "If we had no winter, the spring would not be so
pleasant; if we did not sometimes taste of adversity, prosperity
would not be so welcome."
· "Romans
park their cars the way I would park if I had just spilled a beaker
of hydrochloric acid on my lap."
· "If I had only known, I would have been a locksmith."
· Whether
you like it or not, you have to go to bed now.
· Whether
you like it or not, you have to go to bed now.
· She
likes the red car more than her husband does.
· If
you pay your bills, you will have a good credit
score.
· Unless
you run fast, you will miss the bus.
· So
that she would have a tan for her vacation, she went to a tanning
salon.
· Marty
kept his schedule open, in case of emergencies.
· Because
he loved her, he didn’t believe she had an
affair.
· Once
they saw the car coming, the birds flew away from the
street.
· Although
she has a business degree, she is working as a retail
clerk.
· You
must keep practicing the etude until you get it right.
· In
order to have six-pack abs, he works out at the gym.
· As
we bought the tickets, the overture was beginning.
· Before
we go on vacation, we must make reservations.
· Give
us a call when you get back from your trip.
Types of Conditional Clauses
There are six main types of conditional sentence:
There are six main types of conditional sentence:
1. For example, the equilibrium between liquid and vapor is upset if the temperature is increased.
(General rule, or law of nature: it always happens.)
(General rule, or law of nature: it always happens.)
2. If you start thinking about this game, it will drive you crazy.
(Open future condition: it may or may not happen.)
(Open future condition: it may or may not happen.)
3. But if you really wanted to be on
Malibu Beach, you'd be there.
(Unlikely future condition: it probably won't happen.)
(Unlikely future condition: it probably won't happen.)
4. If I were you, I would go to the conference
center itself and ask to see someone in security.
(Impossible future condition: it could never happen.)
(Impossible future condition: it could never happen.)
5. "I would have resigned if they
had made the decision themselves," she said.
(Impossible past condition: it didn't happen.)
(Impossible past condition: it didn't happen.)
6. If he had been working for three days and three nights then it was in the suit he was wearing now.
(Unknown past condition: we don't know the facts.)
(Unknown past condition: we don't know the facts.)
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